Reversible revolving-cylinder motor.



C. SMITH. REVERSIBLE REVOLVING GYLINDER MOTOR.

.APPLICATION FILED JAN.8, 1909. L 953,979, Pa'bentad Apr. 5, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Wmiln CSml-.

. C. SMITH.

REVERSIBLE REVOLVING CYLINDER MOTOR.

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Y mo Y w y Y ii il r Amr n y W. o. SMITH REVERSIBLE REVOLVING GYLNDER MOTOR.

,Patented Api. 5, 1910.

APPLIGATON FILED .TAN.8

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

v ril.. vim.

W. C. SMITH. REVERSIBLE REVOLVING CYLINDER MOTOR.

' PPLIOATION FILED JAN. 8, 1909. 95 3,979. Patented Apr. 5, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ldotted lines liow an eiglit VUNITED WILLIAM CGBB SITH, GF CHCAGG, ILLINOIS.

Specicatoii of Letters Patent.

Application tiled January S, 1909. Serial No. 471,354,

To all whomy it nui-y conce/m:

Re it known that l.; il'nlifiiii tjonii tliiii'rii, a citizen et t United States, residing at Chicago, in the county oit `@ook and C11fate 5 'of Illinoiti, intro invented certain new and nset'nl Iniproif'enients in Revei'sil'ile levolv ingylinder Motors, of wliicli tlie following is a specification. l

Mfy invention relateS to iniproif'eiiients in two-cycle internal-colnbnstion motors, and niore particularly to that tv vpe in wliicli tlic fof ylinders are adapted to revolve about a e aiik-Slia'lft tired against rotation.

The inaiii object of roy invention .io to pro vide suoli a consitrnction and arrangement of parte in a tzWo-oycle, or tweeToko-cycle, rev-flving cylinder inotor that tlie cylintlerS thereof will lie tliorongglily cnam-ged and scavenged at eaeli revolution oli' tlie :sani/e.

A. tnrtlier olojeet. oi niy invention is to provide a inotor Wliioli siliall. 1oe inerqyenaive of manufacture, strong :nid dnrtlile in its consti-notion, and ot" tlie li fliesst pob'cilile eflloienclv.

Other objects Tvill appear liereii'iatter.

With these obj ets in view my invention consicsts in tlie novel construction, coinl'iiiiation, and arrangement oft' parts which will 'be liereina'tter tnllv described and inore parti'nlzrlj' pointed ont in the tippe-inlet claims.

Bly inveiition will lie, niore readily nii- .:ict inpany ing drawings 'forming :i inn/:tuoiE this speci n lication, and yin wliicli,

Figure 't is fnilistantially central longitndinal section ot' a toni' cylinder gower nnit in itey preferred torni,v also indieatinztgl by aler nnit niav i5 a view similar to the cylinder pif-nona :it

lie constructed, Fig. Fig. l, lint Sliowinf.-

in' dotted lines lion" tlie motor ii connected to a power ifslifiit. lt`i elevation filiowingg' tile t is :in end elevation Sinin; iially disposed ir-t v a detail elevation ot tl. tric pieton rings., :intl a. a eli'lindei' piston, il rsection taken on line fi ot Y. y allowing tlie tnlnilai: paoaagewway. i .7 is de.- tail end elevation sliowii` tlie i'eifiovalgile portion o'l an intake (cylinder, and

.Lb .tlie terniini of tlieir ontetrolicf. and indientiirnY my lie direct A ig. 8 is;

:in elevation oi" tzlie antoniatic crank-case in let disk valve.

o i 1 .i ie a Side Sie section ot i l Referring now to tlie drawings, 1 indi eaten` tlie non--iotatalili ci'nnk-sliatt, and 2 tlie lli-aine or support to which tlie saine iS I ierin-ed. 'l`lie crank-ease 3 is rotatably l mounted on the crank-aliaft l preferably by l ineens ot lmll'lieariiigs, as sliown. Each iinl take cylinder tis preferably :ant integral r willi an exlianst cylinder 5, and the pair of i cylindersv tlins toinied iS fitted to tlie crankcarie l and inav lio lield in position b y the l screivo (l.

lt in obvious that a single pair of cylin- I ders ii'iay be need it' properlyv countertialaneed, lint when itoiir cylinders are used i :Iind disposed in couples on eitliei' end of i'ne erank- VYe' 3, :is sliowii in the drawings, the screws t3 are` gwiieitei'ablv j ii'ovided with right and lett Ytirlads and the cylinders tapped to receive the saine, So tliat by turningl tlie screw@` t3 all toni' cylinders niay be eafsily reinoved from tlie crank-ease .3. Each intake cylinder pia-tion T is Siiiiilar to an eX- lianot cylinder pif n 8, except that tlie lat- Vter in preferably provided with an additional ring 9 to prevent any loss olf crankcase conipreesion by leakage tlirongli the eiilianst port lt). 'llie reinovalile portion ll. forming an der 4li5 exteiif-iion of an intake cylin- :eenrelj/ presiced into position in the 3, tlie transfer intake gas pasw" sul antiallj,7 .in annular space thel 'ilieiy of said removable portion and cinnllseaiie. 'llio cranky case il ifi bored to receive tlie exlianst cylin- ,t der pistons ne shown. Elica-fe 1oored porltonsvtlins IServe aa a part ol' tlie exlionxt i cylinders. J

'llie ievolviiie,V passage-way -or tnlnilai' j 'portion lll tlirone'li wliicli tne fases iii the intake cylinder l iiiay llow to tlie exhaust cylinder 5 'tlie inain novel teatnie ot this revolvingv cylinder revolvingl piston inotoi'. f Vlli@ tendency; ol' tlie lioty spent gases in liowii-'ig tlirongli titi. .Songe-way if; to over l lient tlie saine 'tlinfi reducir" tlie power ot tlie eliy ti n, lint since no other li lier rotative ii niejlily ain varying as ttlie A "i inlet votre i4.; pivoted iat't i, the latter being' ceive a tient portion 16 etnie-rod adapt- 'fe 4*-, as shown.

ciw

erably or the annular type, and are so arranged on the crank-shaft that the same may resist. the explosive pressures in the most el'ective manner.

One side ot the crank-case 3 is prete ably 'journaled in the bearing member 2l provided with "he bronze bushing 22, said member beir` y a stationary support. The driving spur gear 23 may be secured to the crank-case f5 by means ot the countersunl; head screws Tvc screws '2d only are shown, but -it is clear that several: may be used.

lt is obvious that the gear 23 may be dispensed with it the direct-connected power shaft 25 is used as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2.

In order to couple tivo four cylinder units to torni an eight cylinder motor, the gear Q3 ot" each unit may be abuttcd and secured together by means ot a plurality ot' rivets :26, the saine being hotriveted.

The bridges Y27 extending across the exhaust ports l() are integral -with the crankcase 3, and preferably do not contact with the pistons or rings, the latter being of a width suilticient to pass said ports independent of said bridges.

'The bridges 27 and the portions 28 ot the screws t3 which are exposed to the exhaust gases may be coated with an insulation of asbestos or mica, if desired, this provision being possible since the piston rings do not contact with said bridges. Piston ringdistortion causing leakage and low compression and burning ot' the cylinder oil, which are familiar results when bridges are depended on for retaining the rings in position is thus overcome.

A suitable shoulder joint QS) is provided to accurately position the cylinders on the crank-case 3, the screws 6 being depended on to hold the saine in position.

l`he compound curved piston ring joints Sl() are a special provision in this motor to prevent breaking of the piston ring ends when passing the ports. provided onl the removable portion ll, which together with the extensions l252 which abut the cylinder 4 serve to hold said portion in position.

The circulniferential exhaust ports lt) and the cireulnl'erential intake ports iii cause uui'l'orin cylinder expansion by a proper distribution o't the gases, it being well known that cylinder distortion results ironl an un- .s'ypnnetrical arrangement ot the ports.

llacli exhaust pipe 254i has the torni 'ot a ilattened tube and is machined to tit snugly on anexhaust cylinder 5 and the crank-case Il over an exhaust port lt). The exhaust pipes may be dispensed with il so desired, but it used, add to the eliiciency ot the inotor by creatinga partial raf-.num over Vthe exhaust ports. rthe orifice olf each exhaustthoulders -ll arev essere pipe is so disposed that the exhaust gases escape in a direction opposite from that of the rotation ot' the motor, except when reversing, hence an effective ninltling action and a reaction` tending to increase the power ot the motor. i

The concentric piston rings 85 and are lifted against rotation by means ot' a plain pin 37 loosely mounted in the same and in a piston, as shown kin Fig. 5. Common cccentric rings may be used itl desired, but the concentric rings are preferred as they heat uniformly. As the joints or slits ot theconcentric rings are spaced 90 degrees apart the elliptical ,tendency of each ring when conipressed is neutralized, and unlike the eccentric type ot' ring leakage through the slits will not develop after wear ot the ring pcripheries. I

inetallie ring Il?? case 3, the saine serving as a ball retainer. Felt or other sott 'fabric S5) is intcrposed between the support 2 and a 'circular groove 'termed in one side ot the ring 23S. he telt Si) wheny saturated with lubricating oil serres as a dust-prooling means and as an is screwed into the crankcliicient packing to prevent' loss ot' crank-- case compresion, and unlike the ordinary two-cycle motor `but one bearing only needs "to be packed in the present motor.

lt a magneto is used to generate the electric current tor sparking the motor, a gear `-l0 may be inachiuedon one side ot the crank-case 3 l'or driving said magneto which may be secured to the support 2 in any suitable nianner.

The spark plugs (tl. are secured in the cylinders p'relcrably as shown in order that the saine may have electrical contact with the spark advancing` and retarding lever l2, the latter being rotatably mounted Aon the tube -l leading` from the earbureter, which tube is pressed into the crank-shaft l. The flange 'l-l integral with the tube 43 retains the hub ot the lever l2 in position, said hub being adapted to insulate the high tension currents-olf the wiresl '-lt lroin the motor except when the terminals of said lever coutact electriiailly with the plugs di. The lever 42 may be rotated by hand o r in any suitable mann( as indicated by dotted lines in lfig. I in order to properly time the spark.

An ellicient means of rigidly securing the crank-shalt l to the support 2 is formed by driving` a series ot' radially disposed pins 47 through said crank-shaft into said support, thel tube 43 serving asa retainer for'said pins. The cooling flanges t8 may be dispensed with as they add but a trifle to-the etliciency ol the motor.

Beveled edges 49 are provided on the pistons.

The present motor may be a two, four, or an eight cylinder power unit, and, as a. tour cylinder unit, two explosions occurain a sinbearingl gle revolution. An eight cylinder unit may be made by simply coupling two tour cylinder units in such a manner that the pistons 0f one unit are at the termini oi.24 their instrokes at the saine time as the pistons of the other' unit are at the termini of their outstrokes. And in the eight cylinder unittwo explosions occur at every 180 degrees ot' rotation. its many eight cylinder units may be geared to a main shat'tby means et spur gearing as may be desired.

The revolif'ing tubular'portion orgas passage-way i123 may be integral with the intake and exhaust cylinders, as shown, or the same may be a separate conduit or pipev connecting the heads of said cylinders, either construta'iou being a substantial equivalent oi the other.

The scale of the original drawings is onehalf the preferred size ot motor, the cylinder dimensions being finches bore by inches stroke. rl`he length of the connecling` rods, between centers, the length et the crank shaft, and the distance from the center of rotation to the periphery of the motor are (3, 12, and. l1, inches respectively.

The operation of the motor is as follows: Fig.v l shows the incoming charge from the carbureter caused by the suction of the pistons. The charge passes through the sensitive automatic inlet valve 14, which instantly closes on the. outstroke of 'the pistons, thus iinpifisoning said charge. lThe charge in the crank-case is compressed and, when the circumferential intake ports 33 open, tlows into the cylinders as shown in Fig. :2, this action l, b ,ing accelerated by centrifugal torce.` rlhe exhaust ports l0 open slightly before the cylinder, thence through a pa inta-ke ports 33 allowing portion ot the products of combustion to escape, the remaining products et combustion escaping simultaneously with the charging of the cylinders. Thecylindercharge is ignited when compressed as shown in Fig. l. 'lo reverse the motor, the saine throttled and the spark advancedA by means et' the lever '2. lt is apparent that the centrifugal torce acquired by the gases 4in their passage from the center of rotation ot the motor to a cylinder intake port accelerates their movement through the two adjacent revolving cylinders, thus facilitating the charging and scavenging thereof, and that the movement of the gases in the revolving cylinders trom the center ot' cylinder rev1` lutiuu through the piston-controlled intake port into the first s; yn-way between the cylinder heads inte the srcond c vlinder, and thence out through the pistou-coutrollcd exhaust port, is a iieature peruliar to this motor. Then the exhaust pori is uncovered by the piston inthe exhaur-ii or second cylinder, the terminal pressure ot the gases and the consequent inertia the-reet will rid the cylinders ot' a' portion ot the products et the intake gases will follow the spentl gases and be slightly inter-mingled therewith in the .tirst cylinder. But during the passage of the two in the second cylinder the heavy fuel vapor oi' the charge or intake gases which may have mixed with the spent gases in the first cylinder will tend to be separated therefrom by centrifugal force, said second cylinder thus serving as a cen tritugal separating chamber. It is obvious that the hot light spent gases will approach the center ot revolution and flow out through the exhaust port, and that the cool heavy air and `vapor ot' the charge will remain in the cylinders. .It is of course possible, however, that minute quantities of the cold heavy air of the charge which may have mixed with the spent gases in the intake cylinder will tail to be separated therefrom in the exhaustl cylinder and consequently be lost, but the possibility of any such loss of the costly gasolene .or other fuel vapor ot' the charge which is heavier by tar than the air thereof is remote. The combined effect of the suction over the exhaust ports, the centrifugai iorce and'separatiou of vthe gases, and the crank-case compression, together with the terminal pressure and consequent inertia ot the gases is to thoroughly charge and scavenge the cylinders at each revolution of the motor, the advantage of pure charges undiluted by the products of combustion being ot' course apparent.

Features ot the present motor are the symmetrical arrangement and consequent perfect balancing of the opposed moving parts, and the elimination oit reciprocating motion. High speeds ar :,utliinable asin a turbine or electric motor because of the simple re- `volving parts. And because oil' its high eliiciency and extremely light wein-ht, havingI no ily-wheel or water system, tlis motor is especially adapted for heavier-than-air ilying-'machines and automobiles.

lWhile l have shown what i, deem to be the preferable :toriiroi' my invention, l do not wish Ato he limited thereto as there mightbe many changes made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Whatli claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. in a motor, a crank shatt, a pair of cylinders in open communication with each otherfand mounted to revolve about said crank sha'tt with their axes in plane substantially perpendicular.' to the axis thereof, pistons operating in said cylinders and counected with said crank shaft, means ot admission of an explosive mixture into one e linder, a piston-controlled exhaust port iu Athe other cylinder and means tor ie'nition.

dicular to the axis ol1 said crank sha'tt.

3. In a motor, a crank shaft fixed against rotation, a pair of cylinders mounted to revolve about .said crank shaft with their axes zn planes substantially perpendicular to the axis thereot, pistons operating in said cylinders and connected with said crank shaft,

said cylinders being in open communication with each other at their outer ends beyond the range oli operation et said pistons, admission means in one cylinder, a piston-controlled exhaust port in the other cylinder and means for ignition.

l. ln a motor, a crank shaft lixcd against rotation on a support provided therefor, a pair ot' adjacent cylinders mounted to revolve bout said crank shaft, pistons' in said cylinders connected with said crank shaft, a gas passage-way adjacent the headsl ot said evlinders leading .from one cylinder to the other, a piston-controlled intake port in one Vcylinder vand a pisttm-controllctl exhaust port in the other, ignition means, and mean'v tor eondiuzting,- an explosivemixture to said intake port, the axes ot Said cylinders being' in planes substantially perpeiulicular lo the axis ot' said crank shaft.

5. ln a niotorv` a stationary crank sha'tl, a pair o'ti adjacent and parallel cylinders mounted to revolve about said crank shaft, pistons operating in said cyliialcrs and con nected with said crank sha tit, a lmssagc-way between sai'd cylinders adjacent the heads thereot and beyond. the range oli operation ot said pistons, circumferential piston-controlled ports in said cylinders, means tor conducting an explosive mixture to one ot said ports, ignition means. and means i'or holding said crank sha't't in pos'ititin, said cvlindcrs being radially disposed. y ln a two-cycle motor, a crank shaft and inc-ans ot support therefor, a pair ot connected cylinders connected with and adapted to revolve about said crank sha lit, pistons in said cylinders connected with said crank sha t'tby means ot' connecting-rods piyoted thereto and lo said crank shaft, a passage-way between .said cylinders whereby eas may tlow t'rcely from one cyl-v inder to the other, a piston-controllcd intake i, :t in one cylinder and a piston-controlled exhaust port in the other, .means 'lior conducting an explosive mixture to said intake port, a spark plug secured in one el" said cylini stationary andere ders and means lfor conducting` an electric current thereto, and an exhaust-pipe connected with said exhaust port, said cyliiulers being;I approxinlately radially disposed to the axis ot said crank shatt.

T. In a UMa-cycle niotor, ay non-rzdatable crank shaft and a support rigidly secured to one end thereof, a pair ot cylinders connected with and adapted to revolve ahout said crank sha lt, pistfms opt-ratingin said cylinders and connected with said :frank shaft by means of connecting-rods. a crank case mounted on said crank shatt to which said cylinders are tfonnectel` pir-.vcr tran-mis ion means connected io szd crank caw.y a pistoncontrolled intaltc port in one cilinder and a piston-controlled exhaust pori in the other, ignition moans, means ol cha admission to said intake port. and a pa a je-way between -aid cylinders more removed troni the center ol c vlirulcr revolution than said ports, said cylindersy lader' suhslantially radia'ly arranged.

tl. ,ln a two-cvcle motor, a crank shaft and a. pair el` cylinders mounted to rcvoli'e thertaihout, lsaid cylinders lminfradially disposed and adjacent to each other, a passageway eomlcelinn` said cylinders having continuously solid walls and adapted to revolve therewith.-said cylinders and passage-way beine; air-cooled hy their rapid movement through the air, pistons rareratinel in Said cylinders connected with and adapted to revolve about crank pins oli said crank shaft, a piston-controlled intake port in one cylinder and a piston-controlltal exhaust port in the other, said ports bein arranged' nearer the center ot cylinder revolution than said passage-wav, ignition means, amil vmeans tor condactingl a charge to said in-v take port.

tl. ln a two-cycle motor. a stationary crank shallA rigidly secured vto a .support provided therefor. a crank-rase rotatably mounted on said crank shalt, at pair ot cylinders secured to said crank-case and adapted to revolve about said crank shaft, revolving pistons opcratinrx` in said cylinders and connected with said crank shaft. cylinder heads at the outer ends ot :said cylinders, a. passage- Tay leadingr l'rom one cylinder to the other adjacent thc head:` thereof, a pistou-controlled intake port in one cylinder and a piston-controlled exhaust port in the other, means Vlor coiuluctint,Y a combustible chal-re into saidy crank-case and thence to said intake port, and a spark plugr secured in the cylinder provided with said intake port and means For conducting an electric current tht-reto` the axes ot' said cylinders being,r in planes lperpcndicular to the axis et lsaid crank shat't.

lt). in a two-Cycle motor. a stationary support and a crank shalt. rigidly secured thereto, a crank-case rotatably mounted on EEO Said crank Shatt, a pair of revolving` cylind secured to said crank-case whose axesi are in planes perpendicular to the axis ot said crank shalt, revolving); pistons operatin;` in Said cylinders and coiniectei'l with Said crank shaft, -a tubular passage-way ooniiect ing said eylinilers surrountfled hy atmosphere and having unbroken inner and outer surfaces so thatthe same may be etliciently and uniformly air-cooled, a piston-controlled intake port in one cylinderl and a platen-controlled exhaust port in the other, ignition means, an -inlet passage in said crank shaft leading to said crank-case, and a passage-wai' in said crank-case leading to said'intake Anei-t. said tubular passage-way being t'arther removed troin the center of cylinder revolution than said intake and exhaust ports.

ll. ln a tivo-cycle motor, a crank Shaft and means to prevent the saine ti'oin rotating, a crank-ca.r` ri'itatably mounted oinnaid crank shatt1l a pair olA adjacent revolving cylinders secured to said crank-case whose axes' are in. planenl perpendicular to the axis of said crank shaft, revolving pistons operatingl in said cylinders and connected with said crank shaft,l a Ipassage#way leading' from one cylinder to the other, an intake port in one cylinder and an exhaust port in the other7 .means 'for opening and closing said ports, means t'oi conducting` a combustible charge into said crank-care aiid thence to :aid intake port, ignition means, and means for iinpiisoniiic said combustible charge in said crank-case prior to the openfing oi said Aintake port4` said imssagge-way being; more removed from the center ot' cylinder revolution than said ports which are removed yati substantially equal distances thercfron'i.

12. ln a two-cycle motor, a support and a crank shat't' havinga tubular portion seeured thereto7 a pair ot cylinders mounted to revolve about said crank shaft whose axes of iniuf-olfution are subatantially coincident with the axis ot said tubular portion, pistons operatingin said evlinders and connected .with crank shalt, a piston-eontrolled iiftake port in one cylinder and a pistoi'i-controlled lexhaust port in the other, a gais passage-nay leadingl troni one cylinder to the other located more remote troni the center oi. cylindei' revolution than said ports, a sensitive automatic inlet valve pivoted to the inner end oli' said tubular portion permitting` an intermittent flow ot a combustible charge therethrougln meansl for 'conducting said charge t'roin Said tubular portion to Said intake port, and ignition means. the axes ot said cylinders being in planes perpendicular to the axis ot said crank Shaft and Said tui3. ln a two-cycle motor, a crank shaft land a pair of cylinders mounted to revolve coiidnetin` a combustible charge to Said intake port7 and an exhaust pipe connected to said exhauet cylinder over said exhaust port, the outer extremity ot which iS approximately the saine distance trein the center of i cylinder revolution as the heads of Said cylinders.

til- In two-cycle motor, a stationary crank shaft and supporting meansthereitor,V

a pair oLt cylinders; mounted to revolveabout p said erzipk shaft whose axes lie in planes perpendicular to the axie ot' said crank shaft, revolvingV pistons operating in said cylinders and connected with Said crank Shaft, a piston-coi'itrolled intake port in one cylinder and a pieton-controlled exhaust port in the other, means tor conducting a charge to said intake port, a passage-way leadingl trom one cylinder to the other farther removed from the center of cylinder revolution than said ports, and an exhaust pipe leading freni Said exhaust port and dispoied' substantially `at: right angles' to the cylinder provided therewith, so that the exhauet gases will escape in a direction nearly opposite ti'oni'tlie direction ol revolution ol said cylinders when the inotor is running iiiv one direction, the axis oft said exhaust pipe being` in e plane vsubstantially.perpendicular to the axis, ot' said crank shaft. i

l5. ln a two-cycle ino'tor, a crank shaft and :'cra'nk-fease rotatably mounted thereon, a vetationaiy support arranged adjacent one side ot' said crank-ease to which one end ot said crank sli-att is rigidly Secured, a bearing support. arranged adjacent the other side of .said crank-case and a journal formed on Said crank-case mounted therein, power transmission means secured to the outer end of said journahpacking means arranged adjacent the inner side ot said stationary support and snrri'nnnling;4 said'cank shaft, a pair of reif'olving cylinders secured to said crank-case whose axes lie in planes perpendicular to the axis ot said crank shaft, revolving pistons operating in said cylinders and connected with said crank shaft, a piston-controlled intake port in one cylinder and a piston-controlled exhaust port. in the other, a passageway leading from one cylinder to the other more removed iroin the center of cylinder revolution than said ports, means for conducting; a i-.liarge to said intake port, and

means for conducting anni; the exhaust from said exhaust port.

16. ln aY two-cycle nnifor," a crank shaft and a Crank-case rotalalvly mounted thereon, a stationary supportj arranged adjacent one side of said. Crank-ease 'lo which one end of Said crank shaft is ri i lly secured, a bearing support arranged 'ment the other side of said crank-case and journal. formed on said eranlvease mounted therein, die other end of Saideranlr shaft ierininating Within said Crank-ease, a 'tubular portion in said from one, Cylinder to the other :far-

i' removed from the center of cylinder rev-"Msli than said ports, a ifylinder exlew sion lured 1n said oranleease, and a substan ally annular transfer gas passage-war surrounding said calinder exlension and leading lo said inl'alro port.

17. lin a two-cyclo inollor, a crank slia'llw a pair of f .lnders mounted lo revolve abou'y saidl irranl" shall* afilfl their axes in planes porpel "i r ro die a ol' said eranlrV shall, pislons in i' ders lraveling srncnrof' lors boing in open' con1- 'lli ollier al', llieir onler ends la" y' 'ange of travel of said pisl'ons, large admission means` in one cylinder, a pisloneonlrolled exhaust, port in the other and igjfirifion means.

@in two-cycle nioor, a slzdionar)1 a pair of adjacent and parallel nonnred lo revolve about said pistons haring' piston rings opid cylinders and oornnfe l with slialfl, a passageway liao-ineen i ust port in the other, a passageway` said cylinders adjaeent the heads thereof and beyond the range o'l` operation of said pistons, circumferential port in each cylinder, ineans for conducting an explosive inixture to one of said ports, said cylinders being radiali)v disposed, and beveled edges on the heads of said pistons exrending to the first rings thereof, said porlsbeing positively controlled by the lajler, and said i'injgjs lleing' Wider llian l'lnfir respective ports.

19. ln a tworyele nmlor, a crank shaft l secured lo llie support 2, a crank-ease 25 rotatably inounied on said rrank` shall, rylinders Lland i) conlnfrlwl by a passagewvav'al the outer ends thereof secure-nl lo eaelrend of said crank-ease in' ineans ol lne screw (3, the axes of said cylinders lyingl in planes perpendicular to the axis olfA pistons T and l operaling in ille v flinders l and 5 resln-clirely and Connected willi said Crank yshall n v lavan#l olf llnsyninniliicall arranged and balanced eonneeingei'ods l?, llie cylinders ll lining' in axial alinenlenl and lille cylinders D being in axial alinenieni'. a bearing suppori il in wlni'li said crank` ease is mounted, spark ,ninas l1 secured in one sido ol" ille ':`\'linder '-I a spark advancing` and relarding lever l2 adapted lo eentaet, eloolrically willi said plugs and secured in tlio insnlal'inn lud) l5 \\'liiel1 rolalall'r inouned on ille lube lf, lne latter being pressed into a tubular {un-lion ln'orlded in said f'ranlry slia'l'l. an inlvl valve ll ifirolrd lo the inner end nl ,said 'Lnllnlar portion, cilinder exlensions ll ,-fwared in ,saldi-rank- ,ase and surrounded by ille .sulmlanlialljf annular transfer jas passages i-rwlnnferA ential intake ports E?) leading 'from in@ pas lil'into tlie Cylinders l, and rimani l? renlial ilusion-controlled exlians ports 'l0 in ille cylinders 5, subslardially as described.

ln estii'nony whereof l llave sigx'wd in v naine Lo this specification in tne presence ol tufo snlfisorilning n'iin W'itnesses ll., C. llnic'ronrzu. Fianna. J. lnasnx.

aid rrank shall, i 

